Paraffins for diesel blending
Paraffins are highly desirable components in diesel fuel due to their excellent combustion properties. While conventional diesel contains a mix of hydrocarbons, including less favorable naphthenics and aromatics, paraffinic diesel offers a cleaner profile. It typically features a very high cetane number and is free of sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and aromatics.
Paraffins can be produced from a variety of fossil and renewable feedstocks. Synthetic paraffinic fuels are created via gasification and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, with commercial examples including Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) and Coal-to-Liquids (CTL) fuels. The biomass-based equivalent, Biomass-to-Liquids (BTL), is not yet commercially available. Another major production pathway is the hydrotreating of oils and fats, which yields a renewable paraffinic diesel known as Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO). Increasingly, HVO production utilizes waste and residue feedstocks like animal fats and non-food grade vegetable oils. Paraffins for diesel can also be made from crude tall oil, which is a residue of pulp production.
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Advanced Motor Fuels, one of the International Energy Agency’s (IEA) transportation related Technology Collaboration Programmes (TCP) has prepared many reports on paraffinic fuels: Task 30, Task 31, Task 34-1, Task 37, Task 38, Task 45, Task 52, Task 64.
Other References
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