In maximum, 5, 10 or 15% ethanol in gasoline can be used for conventional cars depending on the regional regulations. In Brazil, cars are slightly modified for ethanol concentrations up to some 25%. Exhaust emissions form new cars are low, and absolute differences between fuels are small in normal driving conditions. The effect of low-level ethanol on exhaust emissions is mainly seen at cold-start and heavy-driving conditions.

Ethanol properties

E10 gasoline blending

• How much ethanol can be used in conventional cars?
• Drivability
• Material compatibility
• Storage and stability
• Safety
• Groundwater issues

E10 emissions

• Evaporative emissions
• Nitrogen oxides
• Nitrous oxide
• Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
• 1,3-Butadiene, benzene and methane
• Aldehydes and ethanol
• Particles, PAH and mutagenecity
• Ozone forming potential
• Summary of emissions

 

IEA AMF work on low-concentration ethanol: Task 54, 2016–2019 "GDI Engines and Alcohol Fuels", download report (key messages). Task 52, 2015-2017 "Fuels for efficiency", WP V Opportunity for Enhancing Fuels Efficiency by Ethanol-blended Gasoline Fuels, download report (key messages). Task 44, 2012–2014 “Research on Unregulated Pollutants Emissions of Vehicles Fuelled with Alcohol Alternative Fuels”, download report Task 35-2, 2010-2014: “Particle measurements: ethanol and butanol in DISI engines", download report (key messages) Task 35-1, -2008 : “Ethanol as fuel for road transport”, download report Task 4, -1994: “Production of alcohols and other oxygenates from fossil fuels and renewables”, download report Task 1, -1986: “Alcohols and alcohol blends as motor fuels”

 

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